Central & South America Travelers Recommend

Few places on earth conjure images of adventure and discovery like Machu Picchu. From stunning scenery to indigenous history, this ancient Inca ruin has it all. Whether by trek or by train, here are your options for reaching Machu Picchu from Cusco.

By Train and Bus

Because there’s no formal road to the site, the majority of visitors start their trip with a scenic 3.5–hour train journey that winds alongside the roaring Urubamba River from the town of Poroy near Cusco or Ollantaytambo. You have a number of train options ranging from the simply comfortable to the fabulously luxurious. When the train arrives in the city of Aguas Calientes, the closest access point to the ruins, you can then take a short 20-minute bus ride up to Machu Picchu. Buses run every 15 minutes while the site is open.

On Foot

A visit to Machu Picchu is truly a stunning experience, no matter how you get there. But for those looking to extend their time in and deepen their knowledge of this magical Inca site, a single- or multi-day hike on the Inca Trail is a great option. All Inca Trail hikes to Machu Picchu must be taken with a guide, and a variety of trip itineraries and hike lengths are available. Travelers planning to complete the trek should be in good physical shape and prepared for unpredictable weather conditions.

Guided Tours

The benefit of taking a guided tour to Machu Picchu is that all your transport logistics will be arranged for you in advance. Nearly all guided tours include round-trip train and bus transport to the site, saving you from the hassle of having to confirm your own tickets and the risk of them selling out. For the more adventurous, guided tour options featuring single- or multi-day hikes to Machu Picchu via the Inca Trail are also available.

Under the reign of notorious drug lord Pablo Escobar and his cartel, Medellin endured a reputation as the most dangerous city in Colombia. To understand today’s cosmopolitan Medellin, it’s helpful to understand rise and fall of Escobar. Here are your options for Pablo Escobar history tours in Medellin. 

Highlights

• Explore Medellin neighborhoods such as El Poblado, La Paz, and Comuna 13, as well as Barrio Pablo Escobar, where many houses were built by the drug lord.

• See the Monaco building, known as ground zero for the war between Pablo’s Medellin cartel and the rival Cali cartel, on a guided tour.

• Listen as a knowledgeable tour guide narrates Escobar’s life, from trafficking drugs and smuggling cocaine into the United States to his assassination attempt and death.

• Visit the cemetery where Escobar is buried; see La Catedral, Escobar's hybrid “jail vacation home;” or eat at one of Escobar’s favorite restaurants.

• Combine an Escobar tour with other Medellin sights such as Pueblito Paisa, Botero Plaza, and Parque de las Luces.

• Enjoy a more personalized experience with a small-group or private tour.

Panama City serves as a gateway to a tropical paradise, and with three days to spend in the city, you’ll have time to walk the historic streets, float the famous canal, and spend some time exploring the beaches, rain forests, or indigenous villages of the surrounding countryside. Here are some ideas on how to spend the ultimate three days in Panama City.

Day 1: City Highlights

Get your bearings in the Panamanian capital with a sightseeing tour of the city’s highlights. Stretch your legs on a walking tour of Casco Viejo (Old Town), or zip around the city on an electric bike or by car to cover even more ground in a short amount of time. Alternately, climb aboard the hop-on hop-off sightseeing bus to tour the city’s star landmarks at your own pace. After lunch, dive deeper into your interests with a museum tour, food tour, or a visit to a local chocolate factory. Once the sun sets, grab a seat at a folkloric show for an evening of live music and dancing drawing on Panama’s rich cultural influences. Many of these shows include a buffet dinner of traditional Panamanian favorites.

Day 2: Canal Cruise

The Panama Canal ranks as one of the world’s top modern marvels of engineering and one of Panama’s top attractions. With a full day, you can sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific through the three sets of double locks and Gatún Lake in the middle. Stop at the Miraflores Locks Visitor Center along the way to learn more about the history and mechanics of this engineering feat before crossing. Depending on the tour, you may visit Monkey Island, enjoy a picnic lunch near Gatún Dam, or explore San Lorenzo National Park with its fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. To polish off your day at the canal, sit down for dinner at the International Miraflores Restaurant overlooking the canal. Book a balcony table so you can watch as boats pass through the locks while you dine.

Day 3: Islands and Rain Forests

While Panama City offers plenty to do, it would be a shame not to explore the natural beauty of the country on a day trip from Panama City. Beach lovers can spend the day island hopping among the sun-kissed San Blas Islands on Panama’s Caribbean coast. A typical tour might include the chance to snorkel, kayak, swim, or simply relax on the white-sand beaches. Alternatively, head inland to explore the rain forest for the chance to spot sloths, monkeys, and anteaters amid the thick foliage, or take a tour to the indigenous village of Emberá to learn more about the day-to-day lives of the country’s original inhabitants. Once back in the city, celebrate your final night with a bar-hopping tour through the Casco Viejo historic district to get a feel for the local nightlife. Visit some of the neighborhood’s best bars and clubs with a local guide who knows all the hot spots.

With a Caribbean climate and beautiful colonial architecture, Cartagena attracts travelers seeking sun, sand, and history. With 72 hours, you can explore Unesco World Heritage sites, visit vibrant markets, and venture to nearby islands for some stellar snorkeling. Here are a few ways to spend 3 days in Cartagena.

Day 1: Walled City Walks and Nightlife

Explore the centuries of Cartagena’s history with an introductory city tour. Take a ride on the hop-on, hop-off bus, and stop at attractions like San Felipe de Barajas Castle. Opt for a guided walking tour of the old walled city, and learn about the city architecture and culture while visiting top landmarks, including San Pedro Claver Church, Plaza de Bolivar, and Torre del Reloj. Then head to the mountaintop La Popa Monastery and enjoy a new perspective of the city.

Complete the day with an introduction to local nightlife: Climb aboard a chiva —a colorful bus typical of rural Colombia—for a cruise through the city with live music. Nightlife tours often include admission to a local nightclub.

Day 2: Cook, Bike, or Skydive

Get to know Cartagena’s local culture with a cooking class that includes a market tour. You’ll join a local guide for a wander through the bustling Bazurto Market and pick up local ingredients for a cooking workshop before heading into the kitchen to learn the secrets behind traditional Colombian dishes. After the lesson, enjoy a feast of dishes you’ve prepared yourself. Alternatively if you’re looking for thrills, book a tandem skydive to see the coastline from above.

In the afternoon, sign up for an art-focused tour. A guided stroll through the Getsemani neighborhood includes visits to galleries showcasing local work and contemporary artists’ studios. Or, for a little exercise, follow a guide on a bike tour of the city.

Day 3: Escape to the Islands

On your third day, head out on a day trip and explore the pristine islands off of Cartagena’s coast: Travel by speedboat to the Rosario Islands, and spend a day sunbathing and swimming. Visit Playa Blanca, relax and enjoy a hearty lunch, and then kick back in hammocks for a peaceful afternoon. If you’re looking for a more active trip, opt for a trip that also includes snorkeling and scuba diving among coral reefs. For a more private adventure, you can even book a full-day boat rental (boat captain included) and set your own itinerary for the day.

For an on-shore option, book an excursion to the Totumo mud volcano and enjoy a restorative soak in the mud baths known for their healing properties. Then in the evening, head back to the city, and dance the night away with a tour of the city’s salsa clubs.

The cowboy life is very much alive and well in Argentina, and many working ranches (estancias) near Buenos Aires welcome guests. Visitors interested in gaucho folklore and culture can saddle up and learn all about life on the Pampas. Here’s how.

Highlights

• Party down at a “fiesta gaucha”, taste Argentinean empanadas and wine, and enjoy a horseback ride during a daylong visit to Estancia Santa Susana.

• Visit the Shrine of Lujan and enjoy a traditional BBQ (asado) at a working estancia in San Antonio de Areco.

• Take part in one of Argentina’s most beloved sports with a polo lesson and match at the posh Estancia Villa Maria.

• Spend the day in the gaucho town of San Antonio de Areco and learn all about its Spanish heritage on a private tour.

• Enjoy a traditional barbecue lunch with all the fixings, horseback riding, trick horse demonstrations, and dancing as you learn about the life of an Argentine gaucho.

Getting to the ancient Inca ruins of Machu Picchu, set deep in the Andes, is a journey and an experience that requires advance planning and preparation. To avoid arriving at the site without the right gear, here’s a list of things you should bring.

Sun and bug protection: Situated at an altitude of more than 7,900 feet (2,400 meters), Machu Picchu is fairly exposed to the direct rays of the sun, meaning visitors are more susceptible to sunburn. Be sure to bring a hat, sunglasses, protective clothing, and sunblock. Insect repellent is also a good idea.

Waterproof clothing: Machu Picchu can get wet. The site has a distinct rainy season from October through April, although early-morning mists rising from the surrounding river can make things wet any time of the year. While umbrellas are not allowed, rain jackets, coats, and hats are recommended.

Drinking water and snacks: After several hours walking in the hot sun at Machu Picchu, it’s easy to get a little dehydrated. Bottled water and snacks are a great idea, especially for the long train and bus trip if you’re arriving from Cusco or points further away. Bottles are also available for purchase from vendors on-site.

Sturdy shoes: This famous Inca complex is made up of more than 200 buildings arranged across a series of wide terraces. Prepare to do some walking during your visit, particularly if you have plans to scale the towering Huayna Picchu mountain just behind the main site. While you'll find some stellar views at the top, note that selfie sticks and tripods are not allowed at Machu Picchu.

Trekking gear: Although many visitors arrive at Machu Picchu by bus and rail, some choose to reach the site via a guided hike on the Inca Trail, which can involve a full-day or multi-day hiking trip through the nearby mountains. Most hiking tours include camping gear such as tents, but Inca Trail travelers should pack moisture-wicking clothing and warm outer layers for cold nights.

Uruguay is a nation of tidy European-style cities, expansive cattle ranches, and attractive vineyards. Buenos Aires locals and visitors alike enjoy getaways to Uruguay, just a short ferry ride away. Here are two top Uruguay day trips from Buenos Aires.

Montevideo — 174 miles (280 km) from Buenos Aires

Elegant yet understated, Uruguay’s capital city is surprisingly sophisticated for its size. Montevideo is home to the headquarters of Mercosur (the increasingly powerful South American free-trade zone) and boasts beaches, varied architecture, and plenty of museums and art galleries. Whether it’s a day spent relaxing by the waves or exploring the city’s multitude of architectural styles (from Spanish Colonial to art deco), a trip to Montevideo is sure to impress. Be sure to explore the city’s refurbished historic quarter, Ciudad Viejo.

Colonia del Sacramento — 62 miles (100 km) from Buenos Aires

A day trip to Colonia del Sacramento is a relaxing way to get a feel for old Uruguay. The UNESCO World Heritage Site was founded across the Rio de la Plata from Argentina in 1680. Originally a settlement governed by Portugal, this picturesque village changed hands several times during the country’s rough-and-tumble colonial era. Today its historic buildings and cobblestone streets embody Uruguay’s unique blend of Spanish and Portuguese cultures.

La Fortuna is well-known for its natural attractions and outdoor activities. With three days in this Costa Rican gem, you’ll have plenty of time to explore its extensive trail systems, ziplining and white-water-rafting options, and hot springs, with time left over for a day trip. Here’s how to get the most out of three days in La Fortuna.

Day 1: Hiking and Exploring

Spend your first day exploring La Fortuna’s signature attraction: Arenal National Park. At the heart of the park sits the Arenal Volcano, visible from most parts of the city. Hike the trail system surrounding the volcano, or head down to the nearby La Fortuna waterfall, a popular spot for swimming and picnicking. Alternatively, head out to El Castillo, a nearby village and home to the Arenal Observatory Lodge. Originally built in 1987 as a Smithsonian Institution research station, this complex a little over 1.5 miles (2.4 kilometers) from the crater affords great views of the volcano and offers regular guided treks and bird-watching activities. End your day with a guided evening hike along the hanging bridges of nearby Mistico Arenal Hanging Bridges Park, a great place to see the rain forest come to life after dark.

Day 2: Exhilaration and Relaxation

Dedicate your second day to a mix of adventure activities and hot-springs relaxation. Start with a morning of ziplining high above the jungle canopy; there are plenty of spots to choose from. In the afternoon, head out on a guided white-water rafting expedition—an abundance of relatively small rapids in the area means that even beginners can join a tour without much preparation. Wrap up your evening with a relaxing soak in a thermal hot spring; if you’re not staying in one of the area’s many hot-spring resorts, it’s worth splurging for a visit to Tabacon Hot Springs, which offers quiet evening soak sessions for a fee.

Day 3: Day Trip to Caño Negro or Monteverde

On day three, expand your explorations deeper into Costa Rica’s Northern Highlands. Make your way out to the Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge in Alajuela, about a 2-hour drive from La Fortuna. A must-visit for anyone with an interest in wildlife, this area is home to primates, lizards, and colorful birds. Many tours are available from La Fortuna, and most include a boat ride along the Rio Frio led by an expert guide.

Alternatively, if you’re willing to wake up early and spend a fair bit of time on the road, consider a visit to Monteverde, a 3- to 4-hour drive from La Fortuna. Monteverde is best-known for its Cloud Forest Reserve—home to an array of wildlife including quetzal birds, howler monkeys, and pacas—along with a hummingbird reserve and a network of suspended bridges above the rain forest canopy. 

With two days to spend in Panama City, you’ll have time to take in the old streets of Casco Viejo and the modern skyscrapers of the new city, sail through the iconic Panama Canal, and dig a bit deeper into the local food and arts scene. Read on to learn more about how to make the most of 48 hours in Panama City.

Day 1: City Sights

**Morning:**Get your bearings in the morning with a sightseeing tour of Panama City. Hit the pavement on a walking tour of the charming and historic Casco Viejo or opt for a city driving tour to see the highlights, old and new. Travelers who’d rather explore at their own pace can climb aboard the double-decker hop-on hop-off sightseeing bus for a fully customizable tour of the capital. 

**Afternoon:**Now that you have an idea of what Panama City has to offer, take this afternoon to dig a bit deeper into your personal interests. History buffs can spend this time touring some of the city’s top museums, including the Interoceanic Canal Museum, Museum of History, and Museum of Biodiversity, on a museum tour, while foodies might want to take a food tour of Casco Viejo or pay a visit to a local chocolate factory.

**Night:**This evening is all about enjoying Panama City’s stellar nightlife, and you have several options. Go barhopping on foot through Casco Viejo—most tours include a welcome drink at each stop—or pedal your way through the city on a moving bar with a group of friends or family.   

Day 2: Panama Canal

**Morning:**No trip to Panama would be complete without a visit to the Panama Canal. While there are many ways to explore this marvel of engineering, the best is to get right in the middle of it on a transit tour through the locks. Traveling between the Atlantic and Pacific through the Panama Canal takes an entire day, but it’s possible to travel through two sets of locks in as little as half a day, leaving the afternoon free to explore the surrounding area. 

**Afternoon:**If you opt for a partial transit through the canal, you can spend the afternoon exploring the area in greater depth. A popular option is an eco-cruise on Gatun Lake, where it’s possible to spot capuchin, howler, and tamarin monkeys on the shores of aptly named Monkey Island.

**Night:**After a full day of sightseeing, spend your last evening in Panama City enjoying music, dancing, and local cuisine during a folkloric show and dinner. Many shows include live music with influences from Spanish, Caribbean, and indigenous cultures, intricate handwoven costumes, traditional folk dances, and a dinner of traditional Panamanian favorites. 

With three days in Buenos Aires, there’s plenty of time to take in important sights such as Plaza de Mayo, explore colorful neighborhoods with time for cafes and restaurants, and spend a day in the countryside at a traditional ranch. Here are some ways to experience Buenos Aires in three days.

Day 1: Sightseeing in the City

Joining a guided sightseeing tour or taking the hop-on hop-off bus is a great way to get your bearings. Stop at Plaza de Mayo to see Casa Rosada and Metropolitan Cathedral, and then head to Avenue 9 de Julio, home to the Obelisk and Teatro Colón. Enjoy a coffee at the oldest cafe in the city, Cafe Tortoni, before visiting Evita’s grave at Recoleta Cemetery.

In the afternoon, stroll around the cobbled streets of San Telmo, where the historic buildings are home to artisan boutiques, art galleries, and antique shops. Further south, explore the waterfront district of La Boca, known for its brightly painted houses, and browse the shops for handicrafts and souvenirs.

At night, book a table at one of Buenos Aires’ best grill houses (parrillas) to sample Argentina’s world-famous steak. La Carnicería and Don Julio are located in the lively Palermo Soho area. Stay to experience the nightlife—the area’s bars and clubs are crammed with locals and stay open late. 

Day 2: Take a Day Trip

For a uniquely Argentine experience, head out into the pampas for a day at a traditional ranch (estancia). Meet the cowboys (gauchos), watch their horsemanship skills, and perhaps take a horseback ride. Finish with a tasty barbecue and a gaucho-style fiesta. 

Alternatively, visit the provincial town of Tigre, an hour by train from Buenos Aires. As the city lies along the scenic Tigre Delta, a highlight is a scenic cruise around the islands and stilted houses of the delta. 

It’s also possible to cross the border and visit Uruguay on a day tour—regular ferries run across the Rio de la Plata to the colonial town of Colonia del Sacramento. For value, choose a tour that includes hotel pickup, round-trip transport, and lunch.

Day 3: Experience Argentine Culture

Explore the northern district of Palermo by bike to experience the parks and bustling plazas. Cycle around Palermo Woods and visit the Japanese Gardens, stop to browse the shops, grab a coffee on Plaza Italia or Plaza Serrano, or admire Latin American art at the renowned MALBA museum. 

Spend the afternoon soaking up more Argentine culture. Perhaps take a cooking class and learn to make local specialties such as empanadas and alfajores, sample Malbec during a guided wine tasting, or learn to tango with a lesson led by a professional instructor. If you’re in the city on a game day, plan to attend a soccer (futbol) match at Bombonera Stadium.

In the evening, book a tango dinner show to experience an integral part of the city’s culture.

Rio’s favelas are one of the city’s anomalies, existing with a combination of densely packed communities suffering from poor living conditions and regeneration projects that have opened their doors to bridge the cultural divide seen across the city. Here’s what you need to know about favela tours in Rio.

What is a favela?

Brazil’s favelas are slums with a poor socioeconomic status, most of which sprung up on the outskirts of the country’s urban centers in the late 19th century. There are almost 1,000 favelas housing an estimated 1.5 million people in Rio de Janeiro alone, and the densely packed communities often live without reliable electricity, sewage systems, or drinkable water. In recent years, efforts to improve living conditions have been successful in certain favelas, but problems remain complex and far-reaching.

Rocinha Favela

Set in the South Zone between the São Conrado and Gávea districts, Rocinha is Rio’s largest and most developed favela, and it’s the focal point of most Rio favela tours. Educational walking tours typically offer insight into community life and redevelopment projects; a chance to experience cultural traditions such as capoeira and samba; and visits to schools, local businesses, or community centers. 

Santa Marta Favela

The Santa Marta Favela is located in the Botafogo and Laranjeiras area of South Rio. Walking tours provide a look at life in the district, as well as the famous favela painting project and viewpoints that look out over Rio landmarks such as the Christ the Redeemer Statue, Copacabana, and Ipanema Beach.

Vidigal Favela

Vidigal Favela is one of the most vibrant slum areas, renowned for its striking street art, food markets, and live music venues. The community is located high on the mountainside above Rocinha, and Vidigal tours often include a hike up to the Two Brothers Mountain viewpoint.

Things to Know

• Only certain favelas are safe for visitors and they should only be visited as part of a tour with a reputable tour guide.

• Most tours use a portion of the proceeds to fund community projects within the favelas.

• Favela tours typically last two to four hours and most involve a fair amount of walking. Comfortable shoes are recommended, as roads can be steep and uneven.

• Remember that the favelas are living communities—it’s important to show sensitivity and be respectful when visiting locals and their homes. Ask your guide for advice if you are unsure.

• Viator is sensitive to the issues and concerns surrounding favelas and understands that these tours may not be suitable for everyone.

With its colorful houses tumbling down the hillside to the port and its historic center designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Valparaiso is one of the most picturesque towns along Chile’s Pacific Coast. Here are your options for touring Valparaiso from Santiago. 

Group Tours

Full-day tours to Valparaiso are often combined with a visit to coastal cities such as the Garden City of Viña del Mar, a wine tour of the Emiliana vineyards, or a stop at nearby attractions like the ConCón sand dunes. Hotel pickup and round-trip transport is usually included, and some tours also include lunch. For a more personalized experience, choose a small-group tour with limited numbers.

Private Tours

Opting for a private tour means you’ll benefit from the undivided attention of your tour guide and have chance to customize your tour to your preferences. Private tours typically include round-trip transport from your Santiago city hotel and a walking tour of Valparaiso’s historic center, while possible extras include a Valparaiso harbor cruise, wine tasting in the Casablanca Valley, or a horseback riding excursion or surfing lesson on Concon beach.

Things to Know

• Valparaiso is located about 70 miles (115 kilometers) northwest of Santiago on Chile’s Pacific Coast.

• Full-day tours from Santiago typically last between eight and 10 hours and include hotel pickup and round-trip transport.

• Be sure to wear comfortable shoes to navigate Valparaiso’s hilly streets and cobblestones.

With three days based in Cusco, you have time to explore the city from top to bottom, visit the famous ancient site of Machu Picchu, and even embark on a bonus excursion. Here’s how to do it. 

Day 1: Experience the city from morning to night

Begin your day in Cusco among the locals at the bustling San Pedro Market, where you’ll find a huge variety of foods and gifts. Join a morning cooking class, learning about local ingredients before preparing a 3-course lunch. Afterward, set out on a private or group tour of the city’s many historic attractions, including the fortified Incan complex of Sacsayhuaman and the Temple of the Sun (Qorikancha), which showcases the extraordinary engineering skills of the ancient Incas.

At night, Cusco’s buildings take on a new character. Nighttime guided tours provide illuminating insights while leading you through the streets and into little shops selling handicrafts and street food. Alternatively, gaze at the stars at Planetarium Cusco.

Day 2: Head for Machu Picchu

The main draw for many visitors to Cusco is the city’s proximity to Machu Picchu, the sacred citadel constructed in the 15th century when the Inca Empire was at the height of its powers. Skip the hassle of travel planning by booking a package that includes round-trip train tickets from Cusco to Aguas Calientes, round-trip bus tickets from Aguas Calientes to Machu Picchu, and a guided tour of Machu Picchu. You’ll also have time to wander around on your own. Several train options are available, from the luxurious Hiram Bingham Pullman to a local train.

Day 3: Explore surrounding landscapes

Stick around town if you need some downtime—or venture out on another day trip. Go to the Sacred Valley on a private or group tour that visits Pisac, home to Incan ruins and a vibrant Indian market; stroll the archeological sites of Moray and the Ollantaytambo Fortress; or marvel at Maras, where the community harvests salt in a cooperative fashion. 

Energetic travelers shouldn’t miss Rainbow Mountain, whose distinct colorful stripes come from mineral deposits. Accompanied by a guide, hike to the summit for sweeping views including snowcapped Ausangate mountain—or rent a horse to take you there. Tours typically provide breakfast and lunch.

When you’re back in Cusco, relax over a traditional Peruvian meal in the artisans’ quarter of San Blas.

Rio de Janeiro isn’t known as the Cidade Maravilhosa (Marvelous City) for nothing. With three days in Rio, there’s enough time to cover plenty of territory. While visiting this spectacular harborside city, one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, this suggested 3-day itinerary will ensure that you don’t miss out on the very best Rio has to offer.

Day 1: Roaming Around Rio

Your first day is perhaps best spent getting oriented. Explore downtown with a guide on foot or bicycle and mingle with the charming locals while learning about the city’s Portuguese colonial history. A holiday in Rio is incomplete without a trip to the famed Sugar Loaf Mountain and Corcovado, home to the art deco statue of Christ the Redeemer (Cristo Redentor); both monoliths overlook beautiful Guanabara Bay. Opt for either a half- or full-day itinerary, and take private or small-group tour for a personalized experience.

Save some time to ride a cog train or Jeep into the lush Tijuca Forest, guarded by giant granite rocks. Alternatively, get a bird’s-eye view of the city by helicopter or hang glider. At night, catch a samba show and feast on a Brazilian steakhouse barbecue dinner called a churrasco —both are cultural icons.

Day 2: Sun, Sea, Surf—and Soccer

On day two, it’s time to hit Rio’s beaches and bays. Cruise around Guanabara Bay and glimpse spectacular Sugar Loaf, this time from the water. Follow up your sightseeing with a delectable seafood lunch while sailing past the beaches of Niteroi. Or, if you prefer basking in the lazy beach culture of some of the world’s best city beaches, Ipanema and Copacabana place you in the center of the action. You can also partake in a paragliding adventure where you’ll soar above urban areas and land on a beach.

Check schedules to see if you can catch a soccer match at Maracana Stadium; even if you’re not a futebol fan, it’s hard to pass up the excitement of the crowds. For those who miss the spectacular parades of Carnival, it’s possible to see the floats on a guided tour of Cidade do Samba, aka Samba City.

Day 3: Day Trips from Rio de Janeiro

The charming town of Buzios, known for its architectural finesse, is a popular day trip from Rio. Visitors can spend a full day strolling the cobblestone streets and sands of this former fishing village, reached by boat. Alternatively, visit Petropolis, the lap of luxury, home to Brazil’s two former emperors as well as the Crystal Palace and Imperial Museum.

Another excellent option is a tropical islands cruise complete with an island lunch. Set sail for Angra dos Reis and combine the pristine destination with a stop at Ilha Grande (Big Island), the largest of 365 isles in the archipelago. Family-friendly excursions take passengers to swim and snorkel in aquamarine waters and sunbathe on sugar-white sands. Escape the bustling city and relax aboard a schooner or other vessel while you let a guide handle plan transportation details.

La Fortuna and its surrounding areas make an excellent getaway for travelers passionate about nature and adventure. Here you’ll find ample opportunities to hike, zipline, go white-water rafting, and soak in natural thermal hot springs. Here’s how to make the most of two days in this Costa Rican town.

Day 1: Natural Wonders

**Morning:**Start your day off with a visit to Arenal Volcano National Park, La Fortuna's most popular natural attraction. Hike one of the park’s large network of trails, with options suitable for all levels of hiking, then take a refreshing dip in the pools at the base of 200-foot-high (61-meter-high) La Fortuna Waterfall, just outside the park.

**Afternoon:**In the afternoon, head to Proyecto Asis, a wildlife-rehabilitation center that cares for injured or orphaned animals with the goal of eventual release back into the wild. Here you might see animals such as spider monkeys, peccaries, and caimans, and even volunteer to lend a helping hand.

**Night:**As night begins to fall, make your way to Mistico Arenal Hanging Bridges Park, just west of town. This park features 16 hanging bridges that weave through and above the rain forest, affording great views and the opportunity to spot wildlife; guided night visits are particularly interesting for those who want to see nocturnal animals at their most active.

Day 2: A Day of Adventure

**Morning:**Spend your second day in La Fortuna taking advantage of the area’s myriad opportunities for outdoor activity. Multiple zipline options are available, most of which offer exhilarating, multiline adventure packages that give travelers the chance to soar high above the rain forest.

**Afternoon:**In the afternoon, head out for some white-water rafting, led by a local guide. Most area rafting packages are suitable for guests of all experience levels; while the rapids are the main draw for most travelers, you'll likely also get the chance to spot all sorts of wildlife as you make your way along the river. Some tour packages pair rafting with ziplining or canyoning.

**Night:**Wrap up your stay in La Fortuna with a relaxing soak at Tabacon Hot Springs. While many visitors opt to spend the day at this upscale resort, it’s a great place to visit after nightfall, when it’s well-lit but less crowded.

The gateway town to Patagonia’s blue Perito Moreno Glacier and Los Glaciares National Park, El Calafate is also a resort destination bordering Lake Argentino. Birdwatchers flock here to watch the lake fill with flamingos, while wannabe gauchos go cantering beside the water.

Day 1: El Calafate Canter Spend the day relaxing and getting to know El Calafate, capital of Argentina’s glacier country. As you take a stroll through the heart of town, you’ll notice the locals are deservedly proud of their well-kept gardens and the colorful blooms that thrive in this temperate climate. Hire a horse for a leisurely gallop, and as dusk falls, head to Nimez Lagoon to watch the birds’ nightly arrival at the famous wetlands. Round off the evening by ordering local specialties like grilled venison or beef at one of El Calafate’s many restaurants.

Day 2: Go Glacial Next day, the soaring icy walls of Perito Moreno Glacier in Los Glaciares National Park await. Take a guided walk along pathways to the glacier face, for breathtaking views of the surrounding snow-covered mountains. Safely ensconced on the panoramic catwalk of a nearby peninsula, you’ll be surrounded by icy peaks soaring 60m (197 feet) above you. The air fills with the thunder and crash of shifting icebergs and jagged chunks of ice are propelled from the glacier, as you experience first-hand one of the planet’s most active icefields!

Day 3: Torres del Paine Cross over into Chile for the day to spend time amongst the granite pillars, turquoise lakes and jagged peaks of Torres del Paine National Park. This spectacularly scenic day trip combines a scenic drive through the Patagonian country of both Argentina and Chile, taking in the waterfalls of Salto Grande, panoramic lookouts and glacier-ringed lakes.

Legend has it that tango developed in the brothels and backstreets of Buenos Aires' port districts. Today, the passionate dance form is on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Read on for the best ways to experience tango in Buenos Aires.

Highlights

• Listen to authentic tango music at one of Buenos Aires' live music venues.

• Take in a professional tango show and enjoy a dance lesson afterward.

• Combine a dance lesson with a historical tour of Buenos Aires' most important tango landmarks.

• Enjoy a typical 3-course Argentinean meal during a tango dinner show.

• Many tango-themed tours include round-trip hotel transportation.

Tango Shows with Dinner

Why not make a whole evening of it and combine a traditional tango show with a delicious dinner? Many professional tango shows include an optional 3-course meal of classic Argentinean food and wine, which you'll enjoy during the dance performance. Many tours offer hotel pickup and drop-off.

Tango Dance Lessons

For a truly quintessential Buenos Aires experience, immerse yourself in the local scene while learning basic tango steps during a lesson at a traditional milonga (tango dance club). Dance lessons can be taken on their own or as part of a combo tour that includes dinner and a professional tango show.

Known throughout South America for its steep ice walls and dramatic calving, the Perito Moreno Glacier is high on many hikers’ wish lists. Set out with a knowledgeable guide who leads you safely across the Argentinean glacier’s frozen surface and down into ice tunnels. Here’s what you need to know about hiking the Perito Moreno Glacier.

Highlights

• Witness the glacier calving and ice splashing into the lagoon below.

• Venture beneath the glacier’s surface with the assistance of a guide, crampons, and harness.

• Navigate ice tunnels and explore deep glacial caves.

• See icebergs in myriad shades of blue and white detaching from the glacier.

• Bring your camera for panoramic photo opportunities throughout the hike.

How to Prepare

Hiking Perito Moreno Glacier, within the UNESCO World Heritage–listed Los Glaciares National Park, can be dangerous, so setting out with an experienced guide is highly recommended. While guides proved some equipment, you’ll want to be well prepared with waterproof layers, strong hiking boots, sunglasses, and sunscreen.

When to Go

The most popular hiking season is during the South American summer, from December through February. Shoulder season is in October/November and March/April.

Things to Know

• Single- and multi-day guided trekking tours are available, with options for visitors with different levels of hiking experience.

• Another way to see the glacier is via a boat ride in the lagoon. Down at this level, you hear ice cracking more loudly and can fully appreciate the height of the glacier.

• There are stands set up facing the front of the glacier for those who want to stop and watch the big splashes of water at the glacier’s base.

Two days in Cusco give you plenty of time to explore the city’s historic attractions and pay a visit to Machu Picchu, one of the most famous archeological sites in the world. Here’s the best way to spend 48 hours in the former Inca capital. 

Day 1: Experience the City

Begin your time in Cusco with a visit to the colorful San Pedro Market, to see traditionally-dressed locals shopping for fresh produce. Get an even richer experience by joining a morning cooking class; a guide introduces you to unusual products which are used to create a 3-course meal for lunch. 

Afterward, embark on a private or group sightseeing tour of Cusco’s historical highlights, which include the Temple of the Sun (Qoricancha), Cusco Cathedral in Plaza de Armas, and the fortified Inca complex of Sacsayhuaman.

In the evening, head to the artisans’ district of San Blas for a traditional meal, or opt for an evening walking tour that includes Pisco Sours at a local bar. Another option is the Planetarium Cusco for some stargazing; small-group tours often include dinner and a drink, and allow you to skip the stress of arranging transfers. 

Day 2: Discover Machu Picchu

Even though it requires a full day and a very early wake up, visiting Machu Picchu is possible on a day trip from Cusco. Opting for an all-inclusive package saves you hours of planning time; you won’t need to worry about arranging transportation, permits, admission fees, or the required guide. 

Private and group tours typically include round-trip train tickets from Cusco to Aguas Calientes, round-trip bus tickets from Aguas Calientes to Machu Picchu, and a guided tour of the Inca city, with some offering exclusive, early access in the company of an archaeologist. Guides provide historical context that’s crucial to understanding the UNESCO-listed site. 

Depending on your budget, you have several train options; local trains prove the most cost-effective option, while the mid-range Vistadome, with its floor-to-ceiling windows, offers panoramic views. Visitors seeking luxury can ride the Hiram Bingham Pullman, a vintage train with a lavish interior. 

With its beautiful, volcanic surroundings and resulting abundance of natural hot springs, La Fortuna is a great place to get out into nature. Even with just one day in the Costa Rican town, you'll be able to get a good taste of life here. Here's how.

Morning: Arenal

Get up bright and early to visit Arenal Volcano National Park, which surrounds the towering Arenal Volcano. This park is known for its hiking trails and abundant plant and wildlife, with hundreds of bird species, tropical flowers, and plants. Depending on how much time you spend hiking in the park, you may also want to add a trip to the nearby La Fortuna Waterfalls to your morning. Don't forget to pack a swimsuit: The 200-foot-high (61-meter-high) waterfall drops into crystalline waters; pools farthest from the waterfall are generally calm and safe for swimming.

Afternoon: Hot Springs Soak

With all the volcanic activity around La Fortuna, it's no surprise that the area is full of hot springs, and going for a soak is a great way to relax after a morning of hiking. Many hotels have their own thermal pools, but you don't need to be a guest at a hot-springs resort to take advantage of healing waters; many offer half- or full-day passes, and some area tours include hot spring stopovers. The popular Tabacon Hot Springs offer a variety of features, from a thermal water slide to a swim-up bar. For something more family-friendly, Kalambu Hot Springs Water Park offers play areas and a 4-story rafting waterslide.

Evening: Hanging Bridges Night Hike

In the evening, head out to Mistico Arenal Hanging Bridges Park to explore the rain forest by night on a guided hike. The park has 16 hanging bridges that span around 1.6 miles (2.6 kilometers), traversing the top of the rain forest canopy. While it's a popular daytime spot, especially for photographers and bird-watching enthusiasts, visiting by night gives you the opportunity to view and learn about the park’s nocturnal creatures when they are at their most active.

Three days gives you enough time to really linger in Mendoza, sampling the wines, breathing in the fresh mountain air, and wandering the tree-lined streets and fountain-filled plazas that make this wine-country hub so captivating. Read on for tips about how to make the most of your three days in Mendoza.

Day 1: Wine, Wine, Wine

Wine is a star attraction in Mendoza, and by kicking off your trip with a day of wine tasting, you can identify some favorite bottles to enjoy throughout the remainder of your stay. Since the region’s wineries are diverse and often spread out, plan to dedicate an entire day to touring winemaking facilities and sampling wines, including Argentina’s famous malbec. Wine tasting here is a bit of a choose-your-own-adventure; you can take a cycling tour to a few different wineries, pedaling through the picturesque vineyards between tastings, or you can leave the driving to someone else on the hop-on hop-off wine bus, with stops at nearly two dozen wineries. For the ultimate flexibility, opt for a private tour with your own car and driver to explore the wineries of the Uco Valley or Lujan de Cayo. Most tours include a picnic or multicourse tasting menu at one of the wineries for lunch, as well as transportation back to your Mendoza hotel in time for dinner.

Day 2: Andes Adventure

Besides producing excellent wines, the Mendoza region ranks among the world’s most spectacular wine regions, thanks to its position at the base of the Andes Mountains. Today’s your chance to take a day trip into this beautiful region near the Chilean border. If you’re in the mood for some relaxation, opt for a day trip to the Termas de Cacheuta spa in the heart of the Andes to unwind in the indoor and outdoor natural thermal spas and mud baths. Another popular day trip to the area takes visitors right up to the border with Chile to see the tallest peak in the Americas, Aconcagua, with a summit elevation of 22,841 feet (6,961 meters). Other options include fly fishing or white-water rafting on the Mendoza River or trekking through the Cordón del Plata.

Day 3: Mendoza City

Many visitors with shorter stays in Mendoza never get to enjoy the city itself, which is a shame. Start your last day off with a city sightseeing tour. Soak up the city’s appeal as you visit major landmarks such as Plaza Independencia; Cerro de la Gloria—the highest point in Mendoza—for its city views; General San Martin Park, one of the best urban green spaces in the country; and the Mundialista Stadium, site of the 1978 World Cup. In the afternoon, stop for coffee or a glass of wine at one of the alfresco cafés along Avenue Colón, and enjoy a siesta before heading out again for dinner. Remember, Argentines eat late. To wrap up your time in Mendoza, finish your night at one of the city’s milongas (tango bars) to dance the night away.

Three days in Medellin gives you plenty of time to tour the city’s highlights, learn about its history and how it’s changed since the days of Pablo Escobar, soak up the natural beauty of the region, and even head farther afield to explore another Colombian destination. Here are some tips for how to spend your three days.

Day 1: History and Culture

Few cities have undergone the kind of changes Medellin has experienced over the past few decades. Learn more about this history during a sightseeing tour of the Antioquia capital. Explore on foot, by bike, or by public transportation as you visit points of interest such as Plaza Botero, Parque Lleras, the Spanish village of Pueblito Paisa, and the Metropolitan Cathedral Basilica. In the afternoon, continue your city tour to some of the many sites associated with drug lord Pablo Escobar for a greater understanding of the life and times of Medellin’s infamous son, or spend some time visiting one of the city’s excellent museums, such as the San Pedro Cemetery Museum, El Castillo Museum, Modern Art Museum, or Museum of Antioquia. Finish off your day with a traditional paisa meal in the home of a local family.

Day 2: Outdoor Adventure

Near perfect weather and a picturesque location in a green valley give Medellin the nickname the City of Eternal Spring. Take advantage of the natural appeal with a day spent in the great outdoors. There are plenty of options, depending on your preferred level of adventure; go horseback riding along backcountry trails, zip through the countryside on an ATV, zipline through the jungle canopy of a nearby nature reserve, or soar high above the city while paragliding. Choose your own adventure à la carte, or combine several into a full day of fun. For something a little more low-key, consider a stroll through the Medellin Botanical Garden or a ride on the aerial cable car instead. Once the sun goes down, head out on the town for an evening bar crawl or salsa dancing tour to some of the city’s local hot spots.

Day 3: Into the Countryside

There’s so much to do within day-trip distance of Medellin that your biggest challenge will be deciding what you most want to see. Active travelers might choose to climb the 700 steps to the top of the El Peñol inselberg for stellar views over the surrounding hills and lakes, while those interested in Colombian culture won’t want to miss the colorful cobbled streets of Guatapé or the colonial architecture of Santa Fe de Antioquia. Foodies should head to Jardín to tour coffee plantations and learn about the growing and production process or to the mountain town of San Francisco for a cocoa-making workshop. Back in Medellin, head to the trendy neighborhood of Parque Lleras, also known as the Zona Rosa, to top off your stay with dinner and drinks.

Three full days in Lima afford you plenty of time to soak up the city’s atmosphere, see its most famous sights, taste its culinary delights, behold sites of ancient history, and venture out of town and down the coast. Here are a few ways to experience the very best of Lima in three days.

Day 1: Explore the City

Start your visit in the UNESCO World Heritage–listed historic center of Lima, filled with interesting colonial-era architecture and cultural history. Private and group city sightseeing tours by bus or by foot visit such sights as Exposition Park (Parque de la Exposición), the Palace of Justice (Palacio de Justicia), the Plaza de Armas, and the Monastery of San Francisco. 

Alternatively, travel around the city on a hop-on hop-on sightseeing tour. You can create a personalized itinerary by disembarking at sights of interest and spending as long as you’d like at each.

After exploring the colonial center, head for Lima’s buzzing neighborhoods. Walking and bicycle tours through the bohemian Barranco district take you to see colorful street art and galleries, as well as the Bridge of Sighs (Puente de los Suspiros), a wooden structure spanning the Bajada de los Baños, a stone walkway that runs down to the Pacific. Some Barranco tours are specifically focused on the area’s excellent restaurants.

Day 2: See Ancient Ruins

Around 20 miles south of downtown Lima, Pachacamac Temple makes for an easy half-day excursion. The vast archaeological site dates from AD 200 and is home to temples dedicated to the sun and the moon.

Another option for those with an interest in pre-Columbian history is a full-day tour to Caral, the oldest known city in the Americas. Private and group tours take you three and a half hours north of Lima to discover the well-preserved pyramids and temples of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, believed to have been built in 5,000 BC. Tours typically include lunch.

In the evening, if time allows, get a taste of Lima’s highly rated culinary scene on a food tour. Your options include visiting some of the city’s best restaurants, bar-hopping downtown, or taking a cooking class, which begins with a tour of a local market. 

Day 3: Experience the Peruvian Galapagos

Limeños looking to escape into nature flock to Paracas, an area rich with wildlife, culture, and history about a 3-hour drive south of the capital. Guided full-day tours typically include time for sandboarding and dune-buggy riding around the sand dunes of Huacachina. They also explore the Ballestas Islands, known as the Peruvian Galapagos for their diversity of wildlife, which includes Peruvian boobies, pelicans, sea lions, and Humboldt penguins.

Alternatively, you can combine a cruise around the Ballestas Islands with a flight over the mysterious Nazca Lines, a UNESCO World Heritage Site made up of huge geoglyphs in the desert that experts believe were created more than 1,000 years ago, on a full-day tour from Lima.

Monteverde’s cloud forest is one of Costa Rica’s top ecotourism destinations, and there is much to see and do in the area. With only one day, look for tours that include more than one activity to maximize your time and pack in as many hikes, ziplines, and other adventures as possible. Here are a few ways to spend a day in Monteverde. 

Morning: Cloud Forest Tours

Monteverde has three cloud forest reserves: the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, the Santa Elena Cloud Forest Reserve, and the Children’s Eternal Rainforest. For the best chance of seeing wildlife, opt for a naturalist-led tour that will teach you about the unique ecosystem of cloud forests and help you spot birds, butterflies, and monkeys. You can also explore the hiking trails of the cloud forest on your own; pre-book admission tickets online to avoid long lines.  

Afternoon: Zipline and Canopy Adventures

Spend the afternoon on a canopy adventure tour, and zip through the forests, rappel through the clouds, and walk among the treetops on a series of hanging bridges. Several canopy tour options are available; choose between zipline-only and combination zipline, hanging bridges, and tarzan swing packages. If these adventures sound too strenuous, other options include a visit to the Monteverde Butterfly Garden, a coffee and chocolate tour, or an ATV ride through the jungle.  

Evening: Night Wildlife Walks

Night walks are a popular activity in Monteverde, because many of the animals in the cloud forests are nocturnal. Enjoy a walk through the forest at twilight with a guide who can point out wildlife such as monkeys, sloths, scorpions, and tarantulas. Night walks are offered at the Monteverde Cloud Forest and the Sendero Tranquilo Reserve and are often included with coffee plantation and canopy tours. Alternatively, head out on an evening horseback ride or catch the sunset from high above the clouds in the Monteverde mountains.