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Catedral da Assunção (Catedral da Dormição)
Uma das várias igrejas na Praça da Catedral dentro do Kremlin de Moscou, a Catedral da Assunção (Catedral da Dormição) é indiscutivelmente a mais importante. Construída entre 1475 e 1479 a pedido do Grão-duque Ivan III de Moscou, é considerada a igreja-mãe da Rússia moscovita.
Foi por muito tempo o local de coroação dos czares Romanov e foi o local de sepultamento para metropolitas de Moscou e patriarcas da Igreja Ortodoxa. Projetada por um arquiteto italiano, a catedral foi construída com cinco cúpulas e se tornou um modelo para outras igrejas em toda a Rússia com seus afrescos coloridos que dominam o interior e sua iconostase impressionante que data de 1547. Os czares costumavam adicionar ícones à iconóstase do cidades que conquistaram, e a mais antiga delas, do século 12, foi trazida para Moscou de Veliky Novgorod depois de ser capturada em 1561. Perto da entrada sul da catedral, você pode ver o trono do czar Ivan IV.
The basics
Designed by an Italian architect and built between 1475 and 1479, the cathedral features five domes, colorful frescoes, and impressive iconostasis; it became a model for other churches throughout Russia. Near the south entrance to the cathedral, you can see the throne of Tsar Ivan IV. Admission to Cathedral Square includes entrance into Assumption Cathedral, as well as the other museum-cathedrals in this part of the Kremlin. Many guided tours of the Kremlin include a visit to this spectacular cathedral, as do many more comprehensive sightseeing tours of Moscow (typically combining the Kremlin and Red Square).
Things to know before you go
- Buy your tickets to Cathedral Square in advance to skip the lines at the ticket booths and ensure you get the time you want.
- Photography is not permitted inside the cathedral.
- An audio guide of the cathedral is available in English.
- This cathedral is accessible to wheelchairs, though many of the others in the square are not.
How to get there
The nearest Metro stations are Biblioteka imeni Lenina or Borovitskaya. The two entrances into the Kremlin are on the side of the Alexandrovsky Gardens, one at the Kutafya Tower and the other at the Borovitskaya Tower.
When to get there
The Kremlin grounds are open every day except Thursdays. The grounds get particularly busy during the summer high season (mid-May to late September), so be sure to book your tickets ahead of time and arrive early if you’re visiting during this time.
Cathedral Square
Cathedral Square sits at the center of the Kremlin, where all its streets converged in the 15th century. Besides Assumption Cathedral, several other cathedrals and churches face the square. The Archangel Cathedral contains the tombs of most rulers from the 14th to 17th centuries, while the Annunciation Cathedral is known for its impressive murals and iconostasis. The gold-domed Church of the Deposition of the Robe once served as the private chapel for the heads of the Russian Orthodox Church.
- Fundo Diamante (Almazny Fond)
- Catedral do Arcanjo (Arkhangelsky Sobor)
- Arsenal do Kremlin (Câmara do Arsenal)
- Praça da Catedral
- Kremlin de Moscou
- Catedral de Cristo Salvador (Khram Khrista Spasitelya)
- Biblioteca Estatal Russa (Rossiyskaya Gosudarstvennaya Biblioteka)
- Catedral de São Basílio (Pokrovsky Sobor)
- Mausoléu de Lenin
- Museu Histórico do Estado (Gosudarstvennyy Istoricheskiy Muzey)
- Museu Pushkin (Museu Estadual de Belas Artes Pushkin)
- Alexander Garden (Alexandrovsky Sad)
- Catedral de Kazan (Kazansky Kafedralny Sobor)
- Loja de departamentos GUM
- Galeria Tretyakov (Tretyakovskaya Galereya)